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The retreat that was not yet a flight — January 2024

◦ Written under index methodology v1 (in effect until 15 Jul 2026). The current series is v2 — readings quoted here may differ from those shown today. See the methodology.

Episode

The extreme

There are retreats that look like flights and flights that begin as retreats. At the start of 2024, the Brazilian market took a step back — it did not run. Risk appetite gave back nearly forty points in a month, but stopped short of the locked regime; mood eased without collapsing. Beneath the surface, money abandoned the sectors that depend on the economy turning and sought the shelter of predictable flows. It was the largest internal reshuffle the panel recorded in the quarter. In numbers: the Perene Risk Index from 89.7 to 50.7, mood from 52.1 to 42.8, and the Cyclical/Non-Cyclical ratio plunging from well above its own average to below it. Utilities stretched their lead to a height the archive rarely records; the intermarket closed at 40.27, in moderate aversion.

What happened next

The distinction between retreat and flight did not last long. In April, three months later, the two axes that January had kept apart met at the bottom: mood sank to 14.1 and risk appetite shrank to 7.3, finally crossing into the locked regime. The refusal of cyclicals, which in January had been a step back, turned into a rout — the Cyclical/Non-Cyclical ratio went from neutral to well below its own average. In July, the discomfort earned a name: a fiscal-stress signal climbed to a height the archive almost never records, and capital settled into Utilities, now at the top of the structure. Relief would only arrive in January 2025 — and through the treasury: mood jumped to 66.5 and the financial sector reclaimed the lead.

What did not happen

January's step back was not a pause that would resolve upward. Anyone who read the "defensive retreat, not flight" as a sign that the worst had passed got the direction wrong: over the following three months, the retreat became exactly the flight that January seemed to avoid. And yet the index did not punish those who stayed. Six months later, the return of January 2024 was −0.3%, within the central band of 19 comparable episodes. The subsequent deterioration and recovery nearly canceled each other out.

The honest verdict

The reading got the gesture right — a defensive rotation, capital pulling back the gears exposed to the cycle. It got the calm wrong: the boundary between retreat and flight, traced with care, dissolved in three months. The engine classified the episode as an insufficient reading, and it was honest — configurations like that one produced outcomes too heterogeneous to call a direction. Sometimes the retreat is just a retreat; sometimes it is the first step.

Continue reading: The banks give up the seat of honor · Cyclicals vs. defensives — who leads each regime · The retreat to concrete →

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Characters: Flow (risk appetite)